Beijing battles torrential rain as flood threat gr…

More than 100,000 people in England have received potentially life-saving treatment for hepatitis C in the past decade, as the NHS steps up efforts to eliminate the virus as a public health threat by 2030. New NHS figures show that more than 100,000 people have been diagnosed and treated since pioneering antiviral medicines were introduced in 2015, putting England among a handful of countries that have already exceeded the World Health Organisation benchmark of treating 80% of known hepatitis C cases. (NHS England) Hepatitis C is a viral infection that can damage the liver and, if left untreated, can lead to serious and potentially life-threatening conditions including cirrhosis, liver failure and liver cancer. The infection can remain undetected for years because many people experience no noticeable symptoms until significant liver damage has already occurred. However, modern treatment has transformed the disease. A free course of antiviral tablets lasting between eight and 12 weeks can cure more than 95% of cases. The NHS says effective treatment could reduce the number of people requiring liver transplants by 80% over the next decade, while also reducing cases of liver cancer and cirrhosis. Deaths from hepatitis C have already fallen by 36% over the past ten years. (NHS England) NHS urges people at risk to get tested The latest figures have prompted the NHS to urge people who may be at greater risk of having undiagnosed hepatitis C to order a free and confidential home-testing kit. Those particularly encouraged to test include people who have moved to England from certain Eastern European countries, anyone who has had a tattoo abroad, and people who currently use or have previously used injectable drugs. Adults born in Ukraine, Romania, Estonia, Latvia, Poland, Albania, Lithuania, Bulgaria, Czechia and Slovakia are also being urged to test. The NHS says some people from these countries may have been exposed to the virus through medical or dental procedures before 1991, when modern sterilisation standards were introduced. The free home-testing service is designed to reach people who may not otherwise come into contact with drug and alcohol services, sexual health services, GPs or A&E departments. Thousands of hidden cases identified The NHS has significantly expanded hepatitis C testing over the past five years. A first-of-its-kind programme offering hepatitis C testing to patients having blood tests in participating A&E departments has identified around 1,900 previously undiagnosed cases since 2022. GP practices are also asking new patients whether they received a blood transfusion before 1996, helping identify people who may have been infected through the contaminated blood scandal. The treatment programme was made possible on a large scale following a landmark 2019 agreement between the NHS and pharmaceutical companies Gilead Sciences, MSD and AbbVie, which enabled access to modern curative treatments. (NHS England) ‘Determined to finish the job’ Professor Frankie Swords, NHS national medical director, said hepatitis C could cause serious harm including liver failure and cancer, while many people could remain unaware they have the virus. He said treating more than 100,000 people in a decade was a major achievement but stressed that the NHS would continue looking for people with undiagnosed infections. “England is now leading the world in the mission to eliminate this disease and on course to beat the WHO’s 2030 target,” Professor Swords said. He added that the NHS was “determined to keep up the momentum and finish the job”. “With hepatitis C curable in more than nine out of ten cases, we are committed to finding and treating everyone who needs support,” he said. (NHS England). Patient urges others to take the test Among those treated is 65-year-old Paul Eatwell from Blackburn, Lancashire, who discovered he had hepatitis C after routine liver-function tests following a change of GP. His new doctor ordered additional tests, including screening for hepatitis C. Paul said he initially could not believe the result because he had no symptoms and could not understand how he might have contracted the virus. The precise source of his infection was never established, although possible risk factors included surgery in South Africa several decades ago. He said the specialist team helped answer his questions and reassured him about the condition. Paul said treatment was far less difficult than he had imagined, involving one tablet a day for 12 weeks and several blood tests. He urged anyone who believes they may have been exposed to hepatitis C to get tested, saying that knowing their status could provide peace of mind. ‘Leading the world’ Health and Social Care Secretary Yvette Cooper said the progress demonstrated the impact of NHS treatment and prevention programmes. She said hepatitis C was now curable in the vast majority of cases and described the UK’s progress as part of efforts to “wipe out this disease for good”. “This is exactly the kind of preventative, forward-looking healthcare that we want the NHS to deliver across the board – catching illness earlier, easing pressure on hospitals, and giving people the chance to live longer, healthier lives,” Cooper said. (NHS England. Dr Sema Mandal, deputy director of Blood Safety, Hepatitis, STIs and HIV at the UK Health Security Agency, said the sharp fall in cases since 2015 demonstrated the impact of expanded testing and access to modern treatments. She said treating more than 100,000 people in ten years had brought England closer than ever to eliminating hepatitis C as a public health threat. The Hepatitis C Trust also called for continued long-term investment to maintain the progress made by the national programme, particularly among marginalised communities that can face barriers to healthcare. Rachel Halford, chief executive of The Hepatitis C Trust, said continued funding would be essential to ensure people at greatest risk were not left behind. Hepatitis B remains a challenge While England’s progress against hepatitis C is described as world-leading, health authorities stress that elimination of viral hepatitis as a whole also includes hepatitis B. Further work is therefore required to improve diagnosis and access to treatment for people living with hepatitis B. A national

At least 13 people, including a child, were killed after Ukrainian drones struck the Russian republic of Tatarstan, according to local officials. The overnight attack targeted areas around Nizhnekamsk, located more than 1,100 kilometres from Ukraine. Authorities said another 75 people were injured in the strikes. Ukraine’s Armed Forces said a major oil facility in the city was hit. The attack reportedly continued for several hours, with explosions, fires and thick smoke reported in the area. Images circulating online showed large columns of smoke rising over Nizhnekamsk as emergency sirens sounded. The authenticity of all footage and details could not be independently verified. The Uzbek consulate in Tatarstan said seven of those killed were Uzbek citizens. Russian media reported that many of the victims were staying at a hostel when the attack occurred. Russia’s Investigative Committee said civilians were present in the area where the drones struck. Russian officials condemned the attack and warned that those responsible would face severe punishment. Tatarstan leader Rustam Minnikhanov expressed condolences to the families of those killed. Nizhnekamsk Mayor Radmir Belayev described the loss of life as a major tragedy for the city. Ukraine has increasingly carried out long-range drone attacks against Russian energy and industrial facilities. Kyiv says such sites contribute to Russia’s military operations by supporting its economy, logistics and weapons production. Ukrainian officials said the facilities targeted in Nizhnekamsk are connected to Russia’s war effort. They argued that striking such infrastructure is intended to reduce Moscow’s ability to sustain its military campaign. Russia’s Defence Ministry said its air-defence forces intercepted or destroyed more than 450 Ukrainian drones overnight across several regions. Authorities also reported fires at an industrial facility in the Siberian Tyumen region after several drones were reportedly brought down nearby. The Nizhnekamsk facility had previously been targeted in a drone attack in June, highlighting the growing reach of Ukraine’s campaign against Russian energy infrastructure. The latest strike is among the deadliest reported attacks inside Russia since Moscow launched its full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022. Ukraine has intensified its use of long-range drones in recent months, frequently targeting oil refineries, warehouses and other facilities it considers strategically important. Russia has continued its own large-scale missile and drone attacks on Ukrainian cities. The escalation has increased concerns over civilian casualties on both sides. Last week, a combined Russian drone and missile attack on Kyiv reportedly killed 21 people.