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LAHORE: Pakistan’s automobile industry is witnessing growing divisions over the government’s taxation policy for vehicles, with local manufacturers warning that the current framework unfairly benefits expensive imported and premium new energy vehicles (NEVs) while placing a heavier tax burden on affordable cars purchased by middle-income families. The controversy has intensified following the government’s decision to introduce a range of fiscal incentives for new energy vehicles, including battery electric vehicles (BEVs), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) and range-extended electric vehicles (REEVs). While the policy is designed to accelerate Pakistan’s transition towards cleaner transportation and reduce reliance on fossil fuels, established local assemblers argue that the incentives are skewed in favour of luxury vehicle buyers instead of promoting affordable green mobility. Industry representatives say the taxation gap between conventional locally assembled vehicles and premium electric vehicles has widened considerably, raising concerns over fairness, competitiveness and the long-term sustainability of Pakistan’s domestic automobile manufacturing sector. According to industry estimates, a locally assembled Suzuki Alto—one of the country’s most affordable passenger vehicles priced at around Rs3 million—bears nearly Rs550,000 in taxes, including sales tax, federal excise duty (FED) and the recently introduced New Energy Vehicle (NEV) levy. In contrast, a premium REEV costing close to Rs10 million reportedly attracts sales tax of only around Rs100,000 while remaining exempt from both the federal excise duty and the NEV levy. The tax disparity has triggered criticism from domestic manufacturers, who argue that the current structure effectively penalises middle-income consumers while offering generous incentives to buyers of high-end imported vehicles. Local Assemblers Raise Concerns Pak Suzuki Motor Company spokesperson Ikhlaq Virk said the taxation framework has created an uneven competitive environment that disadvantages affordable vehicles widely used by Pakistani families. He said entry-level models such as the Alto and Cultus serve as essential transportation for the country’s middle class but receive no meaningful tax relief despite their affordability. Virk further noted that premium hybrid and electric vehicles, valued at nearly Rs10 million or more, continue to enjoy substantial concessions under the government’s clean mobility policy. He also pointed to reports suggesting that the sales tax on certain plug-in hybrid and hybrid electric vehicles could be reduced from 25 percent to 18 percent after changes introduced through the Finance Bill, arguing that such relief would primarily benefit affluent consumers rather than encouraging mass-market adoption. IMF Programme Adds Complexity The debate comes at a time when Pakistan remains under an International Monetary Fund (IMF) programme, which has required the government to increase tax revenues, rationalise subsidies and implement fiscal reforms to stabilise the economy. Against this backdrop, industry stakeholders argue that taxation policies should strike a balance between environmental objectives and economic realities, ensuring that clean energy initiatives do not disproportionately favour a small segment of wealthy consumers. The discussion has also reopened a broader policy debate over whether Pakistan’s green mobility strategy should focus solely on reducing emissions or also safeguard domestic manufacturing, employment and industrial investment. Analysts Call for Balanced Incentives Automobile industry experts believe Pakistan’s transition towards cleaner transportation is necessary, but they stress that government incentives should encourage widespread adoption instead of being concentrated in the luxury vehicle segment. Yousuf M. Farooq, Director Research at Chase Securities, said environmental goals should be pursued alongside industrial development and economic sustainability. He noted that while encouraging cleaner transportation is an important national objective, incentive programmes should also consider vehicle affordability, localisation, environmental benefits and the contribution of manufacturers to Pakistan’s economy. Farooq emphasised the need for a consistent taxation framework across all vehicle categories, including conventional internal combustion engine vehicles, hybrids, plug-in hybrids and range-extended electric vehicles, while maintaining adequate protection for local assembly operations and the domestic auto parts industry. He added that environmental incentives should not undermine the competitiveness of local manufacturers or threaten employment generated by Pakistan’s automotive sector. Local Industry Fears Investment Slowdown Pakistan’s automobile industry has invested billions of rupees over the past three decades in assembly plants, localisation programmes and vendor development. The sector supports hundreds of component manufacturers and provides employment to thousands of skilled workers across the country. Industry stakeholders warn that if imported premium electric vehicles continue to enjoy significantly lower taxation than locally assembled conventional vehicles, future investment in domestic manufacturing could slow, weakening Pakistan’s automotive supply chain and localisation efforts. Manufacturers believe a prolonged imbalance may discourage further expansion by existing assemblers while affecting the viability of local parts suppliers that have developed alongside the country’s automobile industry. Government’s Green Mobility Vision Supporters of the government’s policy argue that Pakistan cannot afford to lag behind the global transition towards electric mobility. Many countries are offering tax incentives, subsidies and policy support to encourage electric vehicle adoption, reduce dependence on imported petroleum products and lower carbon emissions. Pakistan, which spends billions of dollars annually on fuel imports, could also benefit from increased electrification of its transport sector by reducing its import bill and improving environmental sustainability over the long term. However, industry observers believe the core issue is not whether electric vehicles deserve policy support but how those incentives should be structured.

ISLAMABAD: The governments of Pakistan and Japan have signed a grant agreement worth JPY 350 million, equivalent to around $2.2 million, to support the Human Resource Development Scholarship Programme (JDS) for 2026. The agreement was signed during a ceremony held at the Ministry of Economic Affairs on Tuesday, August 11, as both countries reaffirmed their commitment to strengthening cooperation in human resource development and institutional capacity building. Secretary of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Muhammad Humair Karim and Japanese Ambassador to Pakistan Akamatsu Shuichi signed the Record of Discussions and Exchange of Notes during the ceremony. The grant agreement was separately signed by Miran Mohiyuddin Soomro, Senior Joint Secretary at the Ministry of Economic Affairs, and Yusuke Shinozaki, Chief Representative of the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) in Pakistan. Senior representatives from the Embassy of Japan, JICA and Pakistan’s Ministry of Economic Affairs also attended the signing ceremony. 17 scholarships to be offered Under the latest phase of the JDS programme, 17 Pakistani government officials will receive scholarships to pursue higher education at leading Japanese universities. The 2026 programme will offer 16 scholarships for master’s degree programmes and one scholarship for a doctoral programme. The initiative is primarily aimed at young officers serving in Pakistan’s Federal Civil Service and Ex-Cadre services. The scholarship programme is designed to enhance the professional expertise of government officials by providing them with opportunities to acquire advanced academic knowledge and specialized skills in Japan. Officials who benefit from the programme are expected to contribute to policymaking, public administration and Pakistan’s broader socio-economic development after completing their studies. Ninth phase since 2018 The latest grant marks the ninth instalment of Japan’s JDS programme in Pakistan since its launch in 2018. Over the past eight batches, approximately 17 to 18 Pakistani officials per batch have benefited from the scholarship initiative. The programme has consequently created a growing network of Pakistani officials with exposure to Japanese academic institutions, public-sector practices and professional training. The JDS initiative is part of Japan’s broader development cooperation with Pakistan, with a particular focus on strengthening human resources and improving the capacity of government institutions. In addition to the long-term JDS scholarships, Japan also facilitates short-term training opportunities for Pakistani government officials in various fields. These programmes provide participants with exposure to international practices and technical expertise that can be applied to their respective departments in Pakistan. Focus on bilateral cooperation Speaking at the ceremony, Japanese Ambassador Akamatsu Shuichi reiterated Japan’s commitment to working with Pakistan on human resource development and other areas of mutual interest. JICA Chief Representative Yusuke Shinozaki also expressed the agency’s willingness to continue cooperating with the Government of Pakistan to strengthen institutional capacity and promote sustainable development. The Japanese side said such initiatives also contribute to closer people-to-people links and reinforce the longstanding friendly relations between Pakistan and Japan. The two countries have maintained development and economic cooperation for decades, with Japan supporting Pakistan through grants, technical assistance, training programmes and other capacity-building initiatives. The continuation of the JDS programme is expected to further deepen bilateral cooperation while equipping Pakistani public-sector officials with knowledge and skills that can support more effective governance and economic development.