womens mental health

Why Women’s mental health matters

ByJustpaste.in

Senior Pakistani actress and film maker Rubina Ashraf has spoken about postpartum depression and the emotional challenges women may face during pregnancy and after giving birth.

Rubina Ashraf recently appeared as a guest on the television show Good Morning Pakistan where she discussed women’s mental health and the importance of emotional support during pregnancy and motherhood.

She said that in the past, mental health problems linked to pregnancy and childbirth were often not taken seriously.  Society usually treated childbirth as a normal responsibility of every woman without fully understanding how difficult the experience could be for some mothers.

The actress explained that pregnancy brings many physical changes to a woman’s body including changes in the skin weight and overall health.

Along with happiness these changes can sometimes cause stress anxiety and emotional pressure.

She added that a lack of proper care and support during this period may make a woman more vulnerable to serious emotional difficulties including postpartum depression.

Rubina also highlighted the importance of a husband’s love care and understanding during pregnancy and after childbirth.

She said that managing physical changes household responsibilities  and caring for a newborn can be challenging so emotional and practical support from a partner can make a big difference.

Her comments also highlight the need to take women’s mental health seriously and ensure that new mothers receive proper care understanding and support.

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    The pure joy of private writing

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    Recent archival developments in the literary world have reignited a timeless debate about the nature of creation. When the personal archives, diaries, and private notebooks of legendary literary figures are cataloged and opened to the public, readers gain an intimate glimpse into a process entirely free from external expectation. Raw Honesty In an era dominated by social media algorithms, content metrics, and immediate digital validation, the contemporary act of writing has become increasingly public. Writers are frequently urged to build personal brands, cultivate audiences before completing a single chapter, and measure the value of their thoughts by engagement metrics. Yet, a look across literary history suggests that forcing self-expression through the filter of public consumption often strips writing of its essential power: raw honesty. The Freedom of the Unseen Page When Franz Kafka famously instructed his close friend Max Brod to burn all his unpublished manuscripts and private journals upon his death, he was asserting a radical boundary. Though Brod ultimately defied those wishes giving the world masterpieces like The Trial and The Castle, Kafka’s mandate highlighted a fundamental truth about his relationship with the written word. For Kafka, writing was not a trade, a performance, or a search for acclaim. Rather, it was a urgent, internal necessity. He wrote to process his existential anxiety and negotiate his place in a confusing world. Revolutionary Contribution to Modern Poetry Similarly, Emily Dickinson spent her life in relative reclusion in Amherst, Massachusetts, quietly composing over 1,700 poems. She bound them carefully with thread and tucked them away in a wooden chest, largely indifferent to the literary establishment of her era. Freed from the pressure of publisher deadlines, critical reviews, or popular trends, Dickinson invented an entirely original poetic structure. Unconventional in its punctuation, bold in its metaphors, and uncompromising in its vision. she didn’t customise her voice to suit 19th-century publishing standards. That’s her revolutionary contribution to modern poetry is still there. Why Private Writing Rescues Creativity Writing for an audience activates self-censorship. When you write exclusively for yourself, the fear of judgment vanishes. This phenomenon allows uncomfortable truths and unrefined ideas to flow onto the page. Modern culture fixates on output. For instance, the finished book, the polished essay, the published post. Writing privately restores focus to the immediate sensation of thinking on paper. It is transforming the craft from a task into a sanctuary. A writer’s authentic voice is rarely found by attempting to match market trends. It emerges in the quiet margins of private journals, where syntax and thought patterns develop naturally without external influence. Reclaiming the Personal Journal in a Public World Reclaiming the joy of private writing does not require abandoning public work altogether. Instead, it requires establishing a sacred space where performance is forbidden. Writing for an audience of one remains one of the most effective ways to sharpen thought and restore mental clarity.   The enduring fascination with published literary archives proves an intriguing paradox. The writing that captivates us most deeply is often the very writing that was never meant for our eyes. We unlock the true alchemy of the written word by letting go of the need for an audience. A private conversation between the self and the page.

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    AI could replace millions of jobs, warns “Godfather of AI”

    ByJustpaste.in

    Artificial intelligence (AI) technology is often said to have the potential to eliminate a large number of jobs. According to Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang, AI could affect almost every profession and may lead to shorter working hours. Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates believes that, gradually, humans may become unnecessary for many tasks. Elon Musk has predicted that within the next two decades, most people may no longer need to go to work. Computer scientist Geoffrey Hinton is widely known as the “Godfather of AI.” He won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2024 for his work on artificial intelligence. Geoffrey Hinton who is associated with the University of Toronto in Canada has warned about the potential negative impact of AI on employment. Speaking at Georgetown University, he said he believes AI could lead to widespread unemployment with millions of people potentially losing their jobs. He explained that companies are investing heavily in AI infrastructure including data centers and chips to improve automation. According to Hinton, companies will seek returns on these investments by selling AI systems capable of performing tasks currently carried out by human workers at a lower cost. He said that the desire for greater profits could ultimately lead AI tools to replace human employees. However, Hinton acknowledged that AI technology would also create new employment opportunities. Nevertheless, he believes the number of new jobs may not be sufficient to replace all the jobs that could be lost. He also admitted that it is extremely difficult to predict the long-term effects of AI technology. Hinton has previously issued warnings about the risks associated with AI. At one point, he estimated that there was a 10% to 20% chance that AI could eventually contribute to the destruction of humanity. He stressed that it is important to discuss the potential dangers of AI. Hinton acknowledged that the uncertainty surrounding AI can be troubling because no one knows exactly what the future holds. He said that if someone asks what AI technology will look like in the next 10 years, no one can accurately predict it. Earlier, in an August 2025 podcast appearance, Hinton said that AI is learning things in ways that humans do not fully understand and that there may be no reliable way to simply switch it off. Hinton’s research helped lay the foundations of machine learning, the technology that enables computers to replicate aspects of human intelligence. However, in recent years, he has been campaigning for AI to be developed and used safely. In 2023, Hinton left his position at Google saying that bad actors could potentially use the technology to harm other people. In a recent interview, when asked about the pace of AI development, he said that most experts in the field currently believe that eventually possibly within the next 20 years, humans could develop AI systems that are more intelligent than humans. He described this as a frightening prospect, comparing current AI technology to a three-year-old child, while noting that children grow up very quickly. According to Hinton, the impact of AI on the world could be similar to that of the Industrial Revolution. He explained that the Industrial Revolution effectively halted the need for humans to develop greater physical strength because people began relying on increasingly powerful machines. He believes humanity is now doing something similar with human intelligence potentially creating technology that could surpass human intellectual capabilities. When asked what life might look like 10 or 20 years from now, Hinton said that it would largely depend on how political systems respond to and manage the technology. In his view, AI could have remarkable benefits in the medical field and could improve the efficiency of almost every industry. However, he stressed that society needs to be much more cautious about the rapid development of AI technology.

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    An alien planet

    ByJustpaste.in

    Imagine living on a world where the start of the day and the end of the day aren’t just different times, but entirely different environments. On one horizon, morning arrives in a chilly mist where vaporized rocks might condense into glittering, mineral clouds. On the opposite horizon, evening sets in as a roaring, hyper-heated furnace hot enough to shred water molecules into raw hydrogen and oxygen. This isn’t sci-fi world-building, it is the reality of WASP-121 b, an extreme exoplanet located roughly 850 light-years from Earth. Astronomers analyzing data from NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) have uncovered unprecedented details about this distant world, proving for the first time that its morning and evening twilight zones are fundamentally different from one another. A World Locked in Perpetual Extremes WASP-121 b belongs to a class of cosmic objects known as hot Jupiters: giant gas planets that orbit extraordinarily close to their parent stars. Because of this extreme proximity, the planet is tidally locked. Just as the Moon always presents the same face to Earth, WASP-121 b always presents the exact same hemisphere to its star. One side endures an unrelenting, eternal day with scorching temperatures topping 2,500 degrees Celsius (4,500 degrees Fahrenheit). The opposite side faces permanent night, staring into cold space. For years, astrophysicists hypothesized that the narrow transition zones between day and night. The planet’s terminators might harbor complex, asymmetrical weather patterns. However, confirming this required measuring subtle variations in starlight as the planet passed in front of its star. How Jet Streams Reshape Alien Skies Using JWST’s Near-Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec), researchers tracked how starlight filtered through different parts of WASP-121 b’s atmosphere. The findings revealed a dramatic contrast between the morning transition and the evening transition. The driver behind this strange weather is a planetary-scale jet stream. Superheated air on the dayside doesn’t stay still; it rushes toward the cooler nightside at extreme speeds. Because the planet rotates toward the east, these violent winds carry thermal energy around the globe and dump the bulk of that heat directly into the evening region. As a result, WASP-121 b’s evening atmosphere grows significantly hotter than its morning counterpart. Heat causes gases to expand, puffing up the evening sky like a inflated balloon. When starlight filters through this swollen atmospheric layer, it reveals an environment so fierce that water molecules cannot survive intact. Clouds of Metal and Torn Molecules In the searing furnace of the evening sky, chemical bonds break. Water vapor brought in from the dayside is torn apart by the heat, leaving behind a sky depleted of chemical stability. As those same winds continue their journey around the cold nightside, the atmosphere gradually cools down. By the time the air sweeps around to form the morning twilight, the story flips. Here, temperatures drop enough for chemical compounds to reassemble. Scientists suspect that in this cooler morning zone, minerals such as silicates condense out of the gas phase. Instead of water clouds like those on Earth, WASP-121 b’s morning sky likely features reflective clouds made of liquid rock or iron droplets. These metallic clouds block radiation from deeper layers, making the morning side appear even cooler to space observatories. A New Era of Exoplanet Meteorology Until recently, studying alien worlds meant treating entire planets as single, uniform points of light. This discovery demonstrates that modern space telescopes can resolve climate dynamics across distinct regions of a world hundreds of light-years away.   By capturing the contrast between a planet’s morning and evening, astronomers are moving from simply discovering exoplanets to mapping their active weather systems. WASP-121 b may be far too hostile for life as we know it, but understanding its violent atmospheric currents brings us one step closer to reading the skies of smaller, cooler, and potentially habitable worlds in the future.

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    A portrait of the artist as a young man

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    James Joyce published A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man in 1916. He did far more than tell the story of a boy growing up in Dublin. He revolutionized the modern novel. As Joyce’s first published novel, Portrait serves as a crucial bridge between classical nineteenth-century storytelling and the radical experimentation of twentieth-century modernism. Over a century after its release, this intimate novel remains a timeless exploration of identity, intellectual rebellion and terrifying price of personal freedom. Sensory Stream of Consciousness The novel follows Stephen Dedalus who’s a thinly veiled avatar for Joyce himself from early childhood through his late adolescence and college years. The book opens not with traditional exposition, but with a sensory stream of consciousness. The baby talk, the texture of a bedsheet, the smell of oilcloth, and songs sung by his family. As Stephen grows, so too does the language of the book. Joyce evolves his prose style alongside his protagonist. He transforms the narrative voice from simple baby phrases into highly philosophical and poetic language as Stephen matures into a young scholar. Extreme Religious Devotion At its core, Portrait is a profound meditation on the heavy burdens of tradition. Growing up in a strictly Catholic, politically fractured Ireland at the turn of the twentieth century, Stephen finds himself trapped between competing pressures. He witnesses fierce family debates over Irish nationalism. He also suffers harsh physical punishments at strict Jesuit boarding schools. Ultimately, he struggles with agonizing guilt over his emerging teenage desires. A central turning point of the novel occurs during a harrowing religious retreat, where a priest delivers a vividly detailed sermon on the eternal torment of Hell. Paralyzed by fear, Stephen briefly attempts a life of extreme religious devotion, only to realize that spiritual conformity destroys his true self. Creative Freedom Over Compliance Stephen’s ultimate breakthrough doesn’t come from religiously pious self . It’s from art. In one of the most famous passages in modern literature, Stephen walks along the shore and catches sight of a young woman wading in the water. Stephen doesn’t see her through a lens of sinful desire or religious symbolism. Rather, he sees her simply as an embodiment of pure, mortal beauty. This aesthetic epiphany awakens his true calling. Now, he must break free from the traditional network of family, church, and nation that seek to hold him back. To become an artist, Stephen realizes he must embrace exile. Thus, he must chose solitude and creative freedom over compliance. Joyce’s genius lies in his ability to make Stephen’s internal struggles feel deeply universal. Anyone who has ever questioned the beliefs they were raised with, felt out of place in their own community. They strived to forge an independent identity will find a powerful reflection in Stephen’s journey. His famous declaration near the end of the book to forge in the smithy of my soul the uncreated conscience of my race is a bold rallying cry for personal independence. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man is not just the story of one young man’s transformation in turn-of-the-century Ireland, but a brilliant testament to the courage required to think for oneself and forge a truly unique voice in the world.  

  • Poor sitting habits may harm your spine

    ByJustpaste.in

    If you often suffer from back pain or muscle stiffness your sitting posture may be the hidden cause. The good news is that a few simple lifestyle changes can help improve your posture and reduce discomfort. •Why does poor posture happen? In today’s world many people spend hours using laptops computers and smartphones.  Sitting for long periods without moving can make muscles tight weak and unbalanced. Doctors say that constantly looking down at a phone or computer screen puts extra pressure on the neck and upper back. Over time this can lead to poor posture muscle weakness and pain. Poor posture can also develop because of injuries certain medical conditions genetics or jobs that require standing for long hours. •How poor posture affects your health Bad posture does more than cause temporary discomfort. It can lead to. •Neck shoulder and back pain •Muscle stiffness and tension •Reduced flexibility and movement •Weak muscles •Lower back pain •Extra pressure on the spine If ignored for a long time poor posture may increase the risk of spinal problems such as a herniated disc or sciatica. Simple ways to improve your posture The good news is that poor posture can often be corrected with regular practice and healthy habits. Stretch and exercise every day. •Avoid sitting for long hours without taking breaks. Limit unnecessary smartphone use especially if it makes you look down for long periods. Sit with your back straight and shoulders relaxed. Use a cushion to support your lower back while sitting. When standing keep your weight evenly balanced on both feet and avoid locking your knees. Lift heavy objects by bending your knees instead of your back. Choose a supportive pillow that keeps your neck and spine aligned during sleep. Sleep on a comfortable mattress that provides proper support. Adjust your car seat so you can comfortably reach the pedals while driving. On long drives stop every two hours to stretch your legs and move around. Making these small changes every day can improve your posture reduce pain and help protect your spine in the long run.

  • Surprising benefits of day old roti

    ByJustpaste.in

    Stale roti is usually less popular than fresh roti but experts say that properly stored roti from the previous day may have some possible health benefits. Research suggests that when cooked bread or roti cools down some of its starch changes into resistant starch.  A study found that roti stored for about 24 hours may contain more resistant starch than freshly made roti. This type of starch is digested differently from regular starch. May help control blood sugar Resistant starch is not fully broken down into glucose in the small intestine. Because of this eating cooled or day old roti may have a lower effect on blood sugar than fresh roti.  It may also help with better blood sugar control although more research is needed. May support digestion Resistant starch can support the growth of helpful bacteria in the large intestine.  If the roti is made from whole wheat flour its fiber content may also help improve digestion and reduce the risk of constipation. May keep you full longer The combination of fiber and resistant starch may help you feel full for a longer time. Day old roti can be part of a filling breakfast especially when eaten with foods such as yogurt, eggs or vegetables. A nutritious breakfast option Whole wheat roti contains fiber vitamins minerals and other useful nutrients.  When combined with other healthy foods it can be part of a balanced breakfast. Fresh roti is not necessarily less healthy It is important to remember that stale roti is not automatically healthier than fresh roti. Its nutritional value depends on the type of flour used how the roti was prepared and how safely it was stored. Most importantly leftover roti should be stored properly to prevent spoilage. If it develops an unusual smell taste mold or other signs of spoilage it should not be eaten.

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