early sugar control

Early sugar control benefits brain health

ByJustpaste.in

A new study suggests that giving children little or no sugar before the age of two may help reduce their risk of developing dementia later in life.

Researchers found that people who were exposed to very low amounts of sugar during pregnancy and in their first two years of life had a 23% lower risk of dementia as adults.

Health experts say eating too much sugar is already linked to type 2 diabetes which can damage blood vessels and increase the risk of dementia.

The new findings suggest that limiting sugar early in life may also support long term brain health.

The study’s lead author, Dr. Jiaxin Zheng said the results show that reducing sugar intake during early childhood could have lasting benefits for brain health.

Researchers added that while the findings are encouraging more studies are needed to confirm the connection between low sugar intake in early life and a lower risk of dementia.

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    Omar Musa secures 2026 Miles Franklin Award with Fierceland

    ByJustpaste.in

    Omar Musa has been named the winner of the prestigious 2026 Miles Franklin Literary Award for his novel, Fierceland. Recognized as Australia’s most celebrated literary prize, the award honors novels of the highest literary merit that explore Australian life in all its phases. Musa’s victory highlights a powerful shift in the country’s literary landscape, celebrating a work that fearlessly confronts historical legacies while weaving together rich cultural folklore. Deconstructing Colonial Narrative Frameworks At the core of Fierceland lies an ambitious, multi-layered critique of Joseph Conrad’s classic 1899 novella, Heart of Darkness. Where Conrad’s seminal text depicted the non-Western world through a lens of exoticism, peril, and foreign mystery, Musa flips the narrative on its head. He reclaims the riverlands and lush rainforest environments not as places of terrifying obscurity, but as vibrant ecosystems steeped in history, memory, and indigenous knowledge. The True “Darkness” Musa confronted the colonial storytelling. In fact, he challenges readers to examine how Western literature has historically framed non-Western landscapes and their people. Fierceland presents the journey inward as a descent into moral decay. This journey is an essential process of unlearning, confrontation and reclamation. The novel demonstrates that the darkness lies within the unchecked impulses of imperial exploitation. It also compels the reader to not surrender to the historical erasure. The Role of Spectral Presence and Cultural Folklore Ghosts and supernatural forces drift consistently throughout the narrative of Fierceland. These forces serve as both literal story elements and profound allegorical symbols. Rather than functioning purely as horror tropes, these spectral figures act as guardians of history and physical manifestations of unhealed wounds. Musa attributes this atmospheric depth to his upbringing and heritage. He reflects on the influence of his family and heritage. Musa noted that ghost stories are deeply woven into the fabric of Malaysian culture. Growing up, he listened to his father recount haunting tales from his homeland. He developed an early appreciation for oral traditions where the living and spiritual realms continually intersect. In Fierceland, these inherited myths explore themes of displacement, grief, and ancestral connection.  These myths gave a voice to forgotten histories that refuse to remain buried. A Multidisciplinary Voice in Modern Storytelling Musa’s background is of an acclaimed spoken-word poet, hip-hop artist, and woodcut printmaker. His own roots shine brightly throughout the pages of Fierceland. The prose is defined by a rhythmic, visceral cadence that reflects his poetic mastery. His ability to blend social commentary with lyricism creates a sensory reading experience.   Winning the 2026 Miles Franklin Literary Award positions Musa as one of the most compelling voices. The judging panel has recognized the evolving nature of Australian literature. Fierceland stands as a testament to the power of reclaiming narrative agency. The novel proves that when old myths are critically dissected, extraordinary stories can emerge.

  • Faculty development: beyond classrooms 

    ByJustpaste.in

    By Prof. Engr. Dr. Khuram Pervez Amber The persistent weaker linkage between industries and universities in Pakistan requires strategic interventions from all stakeholders. Pakistan cannot expect systemic industrial growth while its higher education institutions and industrial sectors operate in silos. Number of universities in Pakistan has dramatically increased over the past two decades. At current, there are nearly 280 universities in Pakistan which are producing thousands of graduates every year. But the concerns of industries remain valid that the graduates lack the necessary technical knowledge and skills which are required in the industries. These concerns of industries are particularly reported in disciplines such as engineering, computer science and the applied sciences, where employers frequently report a mismatch between academic preparation and industrial requirements. Although there are some valuable initiatives by the HEC, PEC, and NTC which include mandatory industrial internships of six to eight weeks for the engineering and technology students, the impact of such initiatives is limited due to multiple factors. Another initiative of HEC to strengthen university academia linkage is the establishment of the Office of Research, Innovation, and Commercialization (ORICs) in universities. However, the effectiveness of this initiative has not been successful at the desired level as in many universities, ORICs operate with limited staff and resources, while directors of ORICs are usually on additional charges. Expecting a small office alone to build industrial linkages for an entire university is unrealistic. Currently, out of nearly 260 universities, only 95 universities have established ORICs. In the recent ORIC ranking of HEC, only seven of 95 universities achieved the top category, i.e. “W” category. One of the major unexplored reasons behind this fragile linkage between industry and academia is the limited or no industrial exposure of university teachers. Most university teachers move directly from their bachelor’s degrees into master’s and PhD programs. Through this route, such individuals may become academically qualified teachers, but this route does not make them professionals having knowledge of industrial practices, industrial standards, and industry-oriented innovations. In many cases, a teacher teaches an industrial system which he/she has never experienced. This approach may clear theoretical concepts of students, but such students will certainly struggle when they would face real- life industrial problems after their induction in industry. So why do our university teachers require industrial exposure in their field of research? The answer is simple. A teacher with industrial exposure brings his industrial experience into the classrooms, laboratories, projects, and discussions on daily basis. Industrial experience of such teachers would not only improve the technical understanding of students about various industrial systems but also enhance students’ problem-solving skills. It would further help students to understand industrial expectations. So how could universities help their faculty members to get industrial experience? This could be achieved through implementation of structured industrial placement/professional development programs under ORICs for university teachers particularly working in engineering, technology and applied sciences faculties. Under this program, university teachers can spend six months to twelve months in an industry related to their field of interest/research on a turn-by-turn basis. During this period, such faculty members will keep receiving their monthly salaries as usual. So, what will be the major benefits of this model? There will be significant improvement in the pedagogical skills of faculty members as they will be teaching with practical examples, industrial case studies and real-world problem-solving approaches. During their placement in the industry, faculty members would make connections with the industrial experts/managers/engineers which would help them in future to supervise industry-relevant research, secure collaborative projects and contribute to technology transfer. They would identify operational challenges requiring research-based solutions. Upon returning to universities, they can transform these challenges into student projects, postgraduate research topics and consultancy opportunities. This would help create a healthier research culture focused on solving local industrial problems. University graduates will have problem solving skills that are required by industry. Over time, this model would help bridge the trust deficit that exists between academia and industry. Admittedly, implementing such a policy would not be easy. Challenges such as shortage of faculty, and increased teaching workloads are genuine challenges. There are also cultural barriers within academia, where industrial experience is often valued less than traditional academic achievements. However, these barriers are manageable. HEC and professional bodies such as PEC, and universities can jointly develop and implement structured industrial placement programs for faculty members. The industrial experience can be recognized within promotion criteria of faculty members, accreditation frameworks and quality assurance standards. In the nutshell, to produce industry ready graduates, the industrial exposure of university faculty members is indispensable. Their industrial experience will result in a stronger academia-industry linkage which is essential for economic growth, innovation and technological progress. Until universities and industries begin working together more meaningfully, Pakistan will continue producing degrees faster than opportunities. Prof. Engr. Dr. Khuram Pervez Amber (CEng, MEI, PE, FHEA) The writer is serving as Director QEC at Mirpur University of Science and Technology, AJ&K.

  • Talking to yourself could be sign of intelligence

    ByJustpaste.in

    Some habits are considered by people to be signs of foolishness or poor mental ability. In fact, many people associate such habits with a lack of concentration, poor discipline or mental decline. However, one such habit that may seem strange to others has been linked to intelligence in some research reports. Yes, the habit is talking to yourself which is often viewed negatively by people. According to research reports, if you have a habit of talking to yourself, it does not mean you are crazy. Instead, it could be a sign that you are more intelligent than other people. Although people may not generally view this behaviour positively, there is evidence suggesting that talking to yourself can benefit the brain. It may improve memory, boost confidence and help with concentration. A 2012 study found that people who talked to themselves were able to identify objects in pictures more quickly. Similarly, a 2023 study found a connection between self-talk and self-control or self-discipline. The study suggested that people who talk to themselves often have a better understanding of themselves. However, these benefits may occur when self-talk is practiced in moderation. Negative self-criticism, on the other hand, can have harmful effects. So, if you have a habit of talking to yourself, there is no need to feel embarrassed about it. This unusual habit may help you analyze details, improve concentration and sharpen your mind.

  • Man returns book He stole 40 years ago

    ByJustpaste.in

    A US bookstore staff was left surprised when a package arrived containing a book that had been stolen from the store nearly 40 years ago. The package also included an apology letter and $100 in cash as compensation. The package was recently delivered to Bookleggers, a bookstore in Old Town Eureka, California. When the staff opened it, they found a copy of The Unstrung Harp. The letter explained that the sender had stolen the book from the store about four decades ago.  He said he was a student at the time and was struggling with alcohol addiction and financial problems. He also wrote that he found the book recently while cleaning out his garage. After discovering that the bookstore was still operating he decided to return the book and apologize for what he had done. The man included $100 with the book and told the store owners they could contact him if they wanted to take any further action. Bookstore owner Jennifer McPhaiden said she and her staff were deeply touched by the letter. She said it was surprising to see someone return after so many years to admit their mistake and try to make things right.

  • Airplane IQ Puzzle

    ByJustpaste.in

    Do you enjoy solving puzzles? If yes here is a fun brain teaser that will test your observation skills. Look carefully at the picture and try to figure out which person is poor. The image shows three people traveling on an airplane. One person is reading a newspaper a woman in the middle is holding a smartphone and another person is using a laptop. This is more than just a simple puzzle. It is designed as a small IQ test that checks how well you notice tiny details. Try to find the answer within 30 seconds. Take a close look before making your choice.  The clue is visible in the picture but you need sharp eyes to spot it. •Have you guessed the answer? If not the puzzle says the man reading the newspaper is the poor person. The clue is on the jacket resting on his lap. A label on the jacket suggests it is made from polyester which the puzzle presents as a cheap imitation leading to the conclusion that he is poor. Keep in mind that this is only the intended answer to the puzzle. In real life a person’s clothing or belongings do not determine whether they are wealthy or poor.

  • Bad breath causes and prevention

    ByJustpaste.in

    Almost everyone experiences bad breath at some point in life. In medical terms this condition is called halitosis. While it is often temporary some people may have bad breath for a long time. In certain cases it can also be a sign of an underlying health problem. Experts estimate that about half of all adults experience bad breath at least once in their lifetime. •Common causes of bad breath •Poor oral hygiene One of the main causes of bad breath is not cleaning your teeth gums and tongue properly.  Tiny food particles can stay in the mouth and break down over time. This allows bacteria to grow and produce an unpleasant smell. •Not cleaning the tongue The tongue naturally collects bacteria. If it is not cleaned regularly these bacteria mix with leftover food and can cause bad breath. Cleaning your tongue every day is just as important as brushing your teeth. •Strong smelling foods Foods such as garlic onions and certain spices can make your breath smell bad. After digestion some of the natural oils from these foods enter the bloodstream and reach the lungs where they affect the smell of your breath. •Smoking Smoking is another common reason for bad breath. It leaves a strong smell in the mouth reduces saliva and increases the growth of harmful bacteria. •Dry mouth and not drinking enough water Saliva helps wash away food particles and bacteria. When your mouth is dry bacteria stay longer and produce bad odors. A dry mouth can happen if you sleep with your mouth open take certain medicines have problems with the salivary glands, or simply do not drink enough water. •Gum and tooth problems Plaque can build up around the teeth and gums if you do not brush and floss properly. Over time this can lead to gum disease infections, and bad breath. •Nose throat or sinus infections Bad breath may also be caused by sinus infections throat infections tonsil stones or other conditions affecting the nose and throat. •Certain medical conditions Sometimes bad breath is linked to health problems such as diabetes kidney disease liver disease or acid reflux. If bad breath continues even after improving oral hygiene it is a good idea to consult a doctor or dentist. •Simple tips to keep your breath fresh •Brush your teeth twice a day. •Clean your tongue every day. •Floss regularly to remove trapped food. •Drink plenty of water to keep your mouth moist. •Avoid smoking. •Limit foods with strong odors before social events. Visit your dentist regularly for check ups and cleanings. In many cases bad breath can be prevented with good oral hygiene and healthy daily habits. However if the problem does not go away it may be a sign of an underlying medical condition that should be checked by a healthcare professional.

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